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Italian Slang Dictionary Adult Words A
Italian Slang Dictionary Adult Words 'A' In each language, local speakers know more than amateurs will ever take in from course r...
Friday, November 29, 2019
Being Brave The Essay Expertââ¬â¢s New Yearââ¬â¢s Ressaylutions
Being Brave The Essay Expertââ¬â¢s New Yearââ¬â¢s Ressaylutions Every year in January, I make New Yearââ¬â¢s Resolutions and report them to you, my 1800 or so readers. For anyone whoââ¬â¢s serious about resolutions, making them is brave. First of all, we need to do some honest assessment of whatââ¬â¢s working and not working in our lives and businesses. We need to consider where we want to head in the next year. Serious resolutions mean the year is going to be a challenge. Of course many of us make our resolutions and then promptly forget about them or give up on them. They are not real to us. But thatââ¬â¢s not what Iââ¬â¢m talking about here. Making New Yearââ¬â¢s Resolutions publicly holds me accountable! As some of you know, I report both my wins and my fails for the year in August and January. This transparency helps me get a lot of things done (though not everything I promise, as you will see below) and encourages me to continually assess and reassess my goals and progress. Hereââ¬â¢s what happened in 2013: My 2013 ââ¬Å"Ressaylutionsâ⬠and results were as follows: Publish a Spanish-language version of How to Write a KILLER LinkedIn Profile. Not done. After full consideration of the possibility, I decided it would be untenable to keep up with all the updates of content and images in a foreign-language version of the book as well as an English-language version! Project tabled indefinitely. Publish a 50 Resume Tips book. DONE! In fact, I published two: How to Write a WINNING Resume and How to Write a STELLAR Executive Resume. They have been selling fairly well on Amazon ââ¬â and many resume writers and clients have told me they are very helpful. I have one job seeker who updated her resume based on the book and promptly got a job! Obtain my CMRW (Certified Master Resume Writer Certification, offered by CDI). DONE! Increase the college essay / personal statement portion of my business to 25% of total business. Iââ¬â¢m still at 10%. However, realizing that I was not going to make this goal, I have already put some things into place for 2014, and I will be focusing even more on building this aspect of my business. Start a training for resume writers. This one got put on the back burner as I completed my e-books. Tabled for now but might come up again in 2014. Ressaylutions for 2014: Increase college essay / personal statement portion of my business to 25% of business (carried over from last year for a second go). Some steps already taken in the right direction: Speaking at the NRWA Conference in Denver about how to write a standout college essay. Getting interviews for a widely circulated newspaper talking about college essays (publication still pending). And advertising a new summer program for rising high school seniors to work on their writing skills and personal statement topics (Let me know if you have a student who would like to participate). Roll out a new ââ¬Å"responsiveâ⬠(mobile-friendly) website. I have already hired web designers and they are hard at work! Choose a CRM and project management system. The Essay Expert and my assistant Jeanne Goodman do entirely too much record-keeping by hand. I will be investigating CRM and project management systems this year to determine whether there is one that will make our lives easier over here at The Essay Expert! Serve 250 clients. This year The Essay Expert worked with 200 clients to find new jobs, get into school, and achieve business results. Iââ¬â¢m aiming to increase that number by 25%! Generate 214 success stories. I havenââ¬â¢t given up on collecting 200+ client success stories. This year we reached 122 (up from 109 in 2012). Iââ¬â¢m planning to increase client numbers next year (see #4) so there will be a better chance of increasing the number of success stories. Please share yours if you havenââ¬â¢t already! What are your New Yearââ¬â¢s Resolutions and how will you hold yourself accountable? Please share! Category:Life and LeadershipBy Brenda BernsteinJanuary 13, 2014 3 Comments Scott Becher says: January 14, 2014 at 12:33 am Wonderful and impressive goals Brenda. Log in to Reply Scott says: January 15, 2014 at 10:01 am Have your expectations ever been disappointed by the outcome of your goals that you had no control over? Log in to Reply The Essay Expert says: January 15, 2014 at 10:34 am Ever? Im sure they have! The trick is to adjust and come up with new goals! All I have control over is my own actions and how I respond to what happens around me. Log in to Reply
Monday, November 25, 2019
An Environment Consists Essay Example
An Environment Consists Essay Example An Environment Consists Paper An Environment Consists Paper In It BY nonhuman An environment consists of all the things like the living and the non living things in it. It can be classified as natural environment and Built environment. One has to keep some points in mind while writing an environment essay. One can define the natural environment as something that has been in existence for long and the built is the one that has been created by man. One can get more information from the Nature and Environment Essay. The natural atmosphere is being polluted due to the unnatural factors. Humans cause more pollution than the environmental causes like a volcanic eruption. It is the reckless and the caustic human nature that is primarily responsible for the environmental pollution. Most of the people are responsible for the pollution caused to the environment for their own personal motives. A write up on Environment must essentially have the causes that affect the ecosystem. It is very difficult for the humans to accept any change from the environment hey are born and live in. The Environment built by humans has become more noteworthy than the natural ones in todays times. The primary reasons for issues like Global warming Land degradation pollution etc are due the great dangers faced by everyone as a result Of the negligence. Global Warming is defined as the increase in the average temperature of the earth near surface air and ocean since the mid 20th century and its projected continuation. There is a lot of heat caused to the earth due to the green souse gases that get rapt in the suns rays thereby causing global warming. More facts about Global Warming can be found in Global Warming Essay. It is the duty of the writer to mention the causes that affect the environmental descent. It is the growth in population and also the economic advancement that has added to pollution as well. Every living and non living thing is being affected by this so one must understand that biophysical environment is meant for all and understand the importance of ecological balance. It is mandatory that the Environmental Essay has all the essential things affecting the pollution and how one can take steps to control it. Everyone must make their own efforts to bring down the consumption of petroleum. The first Step towards reducing our dependence on petroleum is to understand what products are made from petroleum. One has to take all the required action to keep a tab on dreadful conditions in the environment. It is better that we look for natural solutions like shift to a more fuel efficient icicle make use of paper bags try to economize by using the car pool or public transport go by walk or use a bicycle recycle things etc. The causes for environmental degradation also needs to be mentioned so that one is aware of the ones that are affecting the humans and the role they can play to help improve it. One must realize the importance of a healthy environment and that it is for his/her own benefit to protect it and to take measures to make the world clean and green because as the proverb says We wont have a society if we destroy the environment.
Friday, November 22, 2019
Personal statement of admission in USA Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words
Personal statement of admission in USA - Essay Example Since this period, my desire and fascination in computers and programming grew rapidly. When I joined secondary school, I learned various programming languages including C++ and HTML. This enabled me to conduct a presentation concerning these languages during the career day in the school. My fellow students were extremely amazed, based on my understanding of the languages. After this session, I was utterly motivated to select computer science as a personal career. I was satisfied by the decision because I usually enjoy acquiring new skills and information. In most cases, I use the acquired skills to enable my adaptation in the fast-changing world. This has also enhanced my interest in the innovation sector. According to my personal thinking, computer science would give me an incentive to improve personally and gain information. When I joined the University in Saudi Arabia, I was familiar with most of the freshman courses in the discipline of computer science and information technolog y. The facile nature of computers has even made it possible for me to gain more information in the study of computer science and information technology. Moreover, the versatility of computers has also solidified my interest in the discipline of computer science and information technology, hence; exposing me to the enormous potential of computers. The study of computers has also widened my background in certain concepts. This has left me enchanted and rapt in regard to the developing field. In addition, I have also gained practical knowledge in the discipline of computer science and information technology. I have managed to achieve this through the project works and internships. I completed my bachelor degree and majored in Computer Science and Information technology in Saudi Arabia. After this, I started studying English as a second language in a full time program (Extensive program) in USA at FLS International at Lock Haven University of Pennsylvania since April 2011 until December 2011. Later on, I transferred to complete my English program at the University of Pennsylvania Institute since January 2012 till now. In most of the courses that I have studied in the bachelor program, I have gotten high scores, which have been helpful in my studies. Some of these courses include distributed systems and parallel processing, design and analysis of algorithms, computers architecture, operating systems, advanced databases, and software engineering. I have also scored highly in some of the courses related to mathematics including linear algebra, principles of statistics and probabilities, and differential and integral calculus. The experience I gained from this study was of extreme value to me. I integrated the knowledge gained with the serviceability and functionality of a variety of worldly applications. Through this, I took hold of the application of computer technologies in various sections of life. I have also tried to follow some of the technological innovations and design through gaining facts from different sources. Some of these information resources include attending technological conferences and seminars and reading books related to technological advancement. Also, in order to acquire knowledge on this widespread technology, I familiarized myself on them through a variety of certification courses.
Wednesday, November 20, 2019
How to support an area of personalised learning in the primary Essay
How to support an area of personalised learning in the primary classroom Children with ADHD disorder - Essay Example 2009). In the United Kingdom, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is a very common behavioural disorder that affects around 4% of school-aged children and youths (Robertson, 2008). Among the children, there is more diagnosis of ADHD in boys than in girls, indicating that most ADHD cases in primary schools involve boys than girls. Since this disorder affects learning and consequently performance of children in school, it is necessary for the teacher to use personalised learning. This paper is going to focus on how to support an area of personalised learning in the primary classroom. Thus, in order to handle a class of children with ADHD, a teacher should rely on the behaviour and discipline area of personalised learning (Maguire, Ball, & Braun, 2010). ADHD children are of special needs since they are easily distracted and talkative; they are very interruptive and impatient hence need extra help in learning. In this case, the teacher needs to understand how behaviour difficulties develop and are maintained to provide ample support to pupils ensuring that their needs are met (Humphrey & Lewis, 2008). Personalised learning relates to the behaviourism theory of education whereby the behavioural theory states that behaviour results from individualsââ¬â¢ learning from the environment in which they live (Sallis, Owen, & Fisher, 2008). The implication is that reinforcement will strengthen behaviour whereas those conducts not reinforced will disappear. In practice, the teacher should impose rewards and sanctions to encourage or discourage a given behaviour. However, it should be noted that these rewards or sanctions need to be applied disproportionately, such that not everything that a child does is criticised. For instance, teachers can use timers to set limits when children take turns in a group, and should praise those pupils who stay calm until lesson end without interrupting (Wyckoff & Unell, 2010). The
Monday, November 18, 2019
Aboriginal culture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words
Aboriginal culture - Essay Example Western science and Aboriginal knowledge are complementary and both provide insight into our world and environment. Just as western science seeks to provide answers to questions pertaining to our past, present and future, so too does Aboriginal knowledge (Dreaming) and one cannot be dismissed in favour of the other, instead the two should interact and work together. The English term Dreaming is more an analogy than a translation of Aboriginal spirituality. b. It is wrong to consider Aboriginal societies as being primitive to western societies in the misbelief that they had no religion, philosophy or political systems prior to colonization; all three are integral to Aboriginal existence. Religion, philosophy and laws (political systems) are components of every aspect of life and underpin all behaviours, interpretations and expressions both within ceremonial life and daily life. The principles and codes of behaviour (laws) relate to all things on earth not only humans, are complex and live and breathe in the people and their environment. Aboriginal religion, philosophy and political systems were known and past down from their ancestors and are lived and maintained in their practice. c. It is inaccurate to classify Aboriginal societies as nomadic; they were semi-nomadic which meant they did not stay in one place until the food supply was exhausted as is the nomadic norm, but instead they moved from one place to another and back as food supplies became available. Rather than use the land, they belonged to the land, only took what they needed, and moved to allow the plants to re-grow and the animals to regenerate; in other words their occupation of land was seasonal, their movement was cyclical and they and the land were inseparable. d. To assume that Aboriginal societies did not create technologies is wrong because they have developed technologies to make their lives better, just as western societies have done. As hunters and gatherers, Aboriginal societies develop ed weapons, tools and other kinds of equipment from a diverse range of materials obtained from the land; these tools and weapons were developed for specific uses and tasks in different situations and so had a functional use. Their technologies were founded on their complex knowledge system that included an understanding of aerodynamics, physics, chemistry and biology, as well as ecology. e. Aboriginal laws were not written because it was not necessary to do so; instead they were passed down by their ancestors through stories, song and ceremony. Aboriginal law rises above all things and directs them through life; it is who they are and it is integral to every aspect of their lives. The law is all around them ââ¬â everywhere ââ¬â and is in everything they do; they eat, sleep and breathe it; they sing it and live it. Unlike our laws they do not require a written form and are not a set of rules that can be broken; instead Aboriginal law lives within their very substance. Questio n 2 Living ââ¬â their very existence - for Aboriginal Australian people includes art, ceremony, stories and songs dating back for thousands of generations. According to Sutton (1988), Aboriginal art, music, dance and ceremony are demonstrations of the Dreaming that relate to the extensive symbolism of beliefs and daily life that make up a complicated and multifaceted ââ¬Ëcode of interactionââ¬â¢ (p.14). Just as the Dreaming is essential to the discernment of Aboriginal art, stories, song and ceremony, they in turn are a means of right of entry to the Dreaming (Morphy, 1998) that constantly reflects and modifies a personââ¬â¢s beliefs, values, ideas and sociality. Throughout history man has been intent on preparing children to become responsible and useful adults within
Saturday, November 16, 2019
Quality Assurance of Superficial Radiotherapy X-Ray Machine
Quality Assurance of Superficial Radiotherapy X-Ray Machine Study the Quality Assurance of Superficial Radiotherapyà X-ray Machine using some Techniques Abstract The aim of the present paper is to investigate some factors affecting on quality assurance of superficial radiotherapy x-ray such as reproducibility of dose out put, linearity, reference, entrance and some skin cancer doses were measured for hand, face and nose. Examinations of these factors are studied using Farmer dose master connected with 0.6 cc ionization chamber which was placed on the couch inside the selected field and contacted with an applicator to avoid any air gap inside a field size and 10 exposures were made. The measurements were carried out using an operating condition such as 50kV, 90mAs, 15mA 0.10 min, 6 sec. The tolerance limit for the reproducibility is equal to 0.2% , which is lower than the tolerance limit as mentioned. in American Association of physics in Medicine, AAPM . The relative Error for entrance skin dose equals 3%. The quality assurance tests of superficial radiotherapy x-ray machine are measured and compared with the international tolerance. Key words: Quality Assurance, Farmer dosemaster. .0.6 cc ionization chamber Introduction The principle goal of quality assurance of superficial x-ray machine is obtained accurately and timely assessment. The secondary goal is to maximize of radiation exposure and obtain high radiation quality. This can be assess by performance the x-ray machine by optimum operating parameters such as reproducibility of dose out put, linearity, Reference , Entrance and Exit dose measurements according to code safe of practice for use x-ray in medical diagnosis (NRL, 1994). [1]. Many associations reported work concerning quality assurance of superficial x-ray machine like , AAPM, [2,3] that describes quality assurance protocol for superficial radiotherapy x-ray equipment at the therapeutic technologist level. American Association of Medical Physicists in Medicine ~AAPM, [4] presents a new protocol, developed by the Radiation Therapy Committee Task Group 61, for reference dosimetry of low- and medium energy x rays for radiotherapy and radiobiology (40 kV(4) . Austerlitz C, et.al, 2008 mentioned that the beam outputs presented percent differences ranging from -13 to +25%.[5]. Mehran Goharian et.al , 2010 mentioned that The measured output showed an increase of up to 7.3% relative to the neutral position (0à ° in-plane and 0à ° cross-plane) over the possible range of angles of in-plane rotation for 75 kVp (half-value layer, HVL = 1.84 mm Al)[6]. Modern research indicated that the continued successful use of kilovoltage X-ray units for superficial therapy and their different design compared with linear accelerators indicates that specific advice for this type of equipment is required. Useful guidance on quality control of kilo-voltage units is also given in Klevenhagen.et.al [7] and Williams.et.al [8]. Paevans .et.al [9] mentioned that the applicator, system interlocks and dose monitor performance that used in check of Gulmay D3300 kilovoltage X-ray therapy unit were satisfactory and the tube leakage was below the UK recommended maximum (air kerma rate 300 mGy/ h at 5 cm from the tube head). The quality assurances of therapeutic x-ray are based on the Basic Safety Standard ââ¬âBSS[10] and International Commission of Radiological Protection where they mentioned that there is no limit for medical exposure but they ensure that medical exposure have to decide by consultation between medical authorities and professional bodies . The aim of the present paper is to investigate some factors affecting on quality assurance of superficial radiotherapy x-ray such as reproducibility of dose out put, linearity, Reference, Entrance and Exit dose measurements. Material and Method The X-strahl superficial x-ray machine was investigated for some factors of quality assurance such as reproducibility and linearity . Reproducibility is one component of the precision of a test and reported as a standard deviation. Reproducibility of dose out put of X-strahl machine was measured with Farmer Dose master connected with 0.6 cc ionization chamber, which was placed on the couch inside the selected field and contacted with an applicator to avoid any air gap inside a field size and 10 exposures were made. The measurements were carried out using same operating condition such as 50kV, 90mAs, 15mA , 6 sec. The reproducibility Pz was calculated based on NEWZELAND Radiation Laboratory, NRL protocol (J.L.Plotti , 1995).[11]. Where: SD is the estimator of standard deviation of a series of measurements dose [mGy], Zap is the means value of the measured [dose [mGy]. Extensive measurements were made to assess of changes in mAs on reproducibility and linearity of radiation output. It formed over a range of clinical settings. Calibrated ionization chamber used to measure output expressed as à ¼Gy per mAs, at a set distance, without backscatter. Linearity The linearity of superficial x-ray machine was studied using farmer dose master that connected with 0.6 cc ionization chamber above Perspex phantom. The linearity was checked using the next equation that stated by NEWZELAND Radiation Laboratory, NRL protocol (J.L.Plotti , 1995) .[11]. à ¯Ãâà §X1-X2à ¯Ãâà ª/X1+X2 à ¯Ã¢â ¬Ã ¼0.1 Where X1 and X2 are two successive readings. Applications of superficial x-ray machine Measurement the Surface Radiotherapy Dose for Hands, Face and Nose were conducted using suitable applicator for each case. The applicator for hand treatment was 5 cm diameter, 15 FSD , the applicator for face treatment was 3 cm diameter , 15 FSD and the applicator for nose treatment was 1.5 cm diameter, 15 FSD. Results and Discussions Reproducibility Dose reproducibility for repeated doses of superficial x-ray machine was measured using farmer dosemaster connected with 0.6cc ionization chamber on the surface of Perspex phantom as shown in table 1. In the present work the maximum value was 4.404 , the minimum value was 4.374 and mean doses and standard deviation of the measurements was 4.391 à ± 0.008 . The machine reproducibility was found to be 0.2% which is lower than the tolerance limit as mentioned. in NEWZELAND Radiation Laboratory, NRL protocol (J.L.Plotti , 1995) .[11]. Table 1 the Dose reproducibility for superficial radiotherapy machine using an operating condition of 50kV, 90mAs, 15mA , 6 sec. For 0.6 cc Ionization chamber. Dose, cGy 0.6 cc Run No. 4.374 1 4.386 2 4.388 3 4.394 4 4.394 5 4.386 6 4.390 7 4.391 8 4.404 9 4.401 10 4.391 à ± 0.008 Mean à ± Standard Deviation Linearity of X-ray Machine The dose output was measured as a function in miliamper second. These measurements were recorded at 25 cm source to detector distance using special applicator of diameter 25 x 25 cm2 as shown in table.2. The linearity of the superficial x-ray machine was given a result lower than 0.1 that means it lower than the tolerance level of the American Association of physics in Medicine AAPM[3] and NEWZELAND Radiation Laboratory, NRL protocol (J.L.Plotti , 1995) .[11]. Linearity was accepted that means the x-ray tube of a machine is calibrated. Table 2. Linearity of superficial X-ray Machine Dose, , cGy mAs Time, sec Setting 23 30 6 50 kV, 5 Ma 30 60 12 45 150 30 72 240 48 90 300 60 . Measurement the Surface Radiotherapy Dose for Hands, Face and Nose The X-ray tube of the X-strahl machine was located in middle of the room surrounded by one meter from each side. The focus to skin distance, FSD for each applicator under use was adjusted for surface radiotherapy treatment such as hand, face and nose of tissue equivalent phantom. The Ionization chamber was adjusted for operating conditions of the X-ray machine as filter 1, 50kV, 5 mA, 0.2 min, and 0.2 mmAl for different applicators. The Surface dose for skin, nose and hand were recorded as shown in table 4. X-strahl -100 x-ray system low energy X-ray for treatment a wide range of superficial dermatological condition including: basal cell carcinoma, Squamous cell carcinoma and dermatological conditions including psoriasis. Orthovoltage units continue to be used today to treat superficial lesions; in fact, they were practically the only machines treating skin lesions before the recent emergence of electron therapy. The maximum dose from any of these low-energy units is found on the sur face of patients; thus, skin becomes the dose-limiting structure when treating patients at these energies. The depth at which the dose is 50% of the maximum is about 7 cm. Therefore the physician can be calculate the treatment dose for superficial x-ray therapy for each case. Since the total dose is equal to dose rate times the time , so, the time of treatment can calculate easily . Table 4. Entrance patient dose measurements for face, nose and hand.. ESD, (cGy) Case Applicator dimensions 56.68 à ± 0.307 Face cancer 3 cm diameter , 15 FSD 241.2 à ± 2.15 Nose cancer 1.5 cm diameter, 15 FSD 58.8 à ± 0.669 Hand cancer 5 cm diameter, 15 FSD Conclusion This work concluded that The machine reproducibility dose out put was found to be 0.2% so patient risk will decrease. Linearity was lower than 0.1 which is lower than the tolerance limit of the international publications. The maximum dose from any of these low-energy units is found on the surface of patients; thus, skin.X-strahl machine treating skin lesions, hand, face and nose. The treatment time for hand, face, and nose cancer calculated via the surface patient dose measurement.
Wednesday, November 13, 2019
Character, Morals, Integrity Essay -- Values Argumentative Essays
Character, Morals, Integrity Morals, character, integrity, what do these words meanâ⬠¦.actually, the question is, do you have them. A man named Dwight Moody once said, ââ¬Å"Character is what you are in the dark.â⬠You cannot see your morals, character, or integrity, these are only shown as your values. Someone could only show their own values, which are very important to themselves and everyone else. Integrity is the firm adherence to a code of especially moral or artistic values. The way you show your integrity, character, and morals or how they are effect you in either a negative or positive way. There are many causes to how your values are. So as you know, integrity is very important and it is important to have it. à à à à à First of all, people may ask, ââ¬Å"What are morals, character, and integrity,â⬠but they should know that they are mainly the same thing. Character means moral or ethical strength, or as H. Jackson Browne once said, ââ¬Å"Our character is what we do when we think no one is looking.â⬠John Wooden said that everyone should, ââ¬Å"Be more concerned with your character than your reputation because your character is what you really are, while your reputation is merely what others think you are.â⬠Morals are rules or habits of conduct with reference of standards of right and wrong. Socrates once said, ââ¬Å"Moral philosophy is hard thought about right action.â⬠Paul Tillich stated that, ââ¬Å"Morality is not a subject, it is a life put to the test in dozens of moments.â⬠Integrity is the...
Monday, November 11, 2019
Issues in Testing Very Young Children
Testing children has grown both more aggressive and widespread in recent times as concerning issues have arisen as to the pressure these tests and parents put into a child. In fact some kindergartens have been testing children before enrolling them. This might be appropiate for college but for children! In my opinion thatââ¬â¢s just too aggressive teachers! Surprisingly this type of testing has occurred for a long time. Whatââ¬â¢s really surprising is that this has been going on for the past 30 or so years ever since educational testing first became popular in the early 1900ââ¬â¢s. However while noting that some early childhood testing were usefull, researchers have pointed out that tests tend to be more or less reliable at very early ages. This and other concerns have led to some changed in thinking and practice over the years. In 1998, a group of experts reviewed existing research and practice on the assessment of young children and recommended that: ââ¬Å"â⬠¦screening tests should not be used as readiness tests to exclude children from school; they should not be used to track children by ability in kindergarten and first grade; and they should not be used to plan instruction unless a valid relationship with local curricula has been established. â⬠The cautions of the previously mentioned researchers resulted in the delaying of tests in most public schools until the 3rd grade. The 2011 No child left behind act required school testing in mathematics, reading/language arts and science, starting the third grade. Nonetheless, a number of private schools, including religious schools, do require entering kindergarteners to pass a test as part of their admission requirements. An example is N. E. S who require 4th graders to take a test onto which they place them later on in 5th and 6th grades in different mathematic sets. Furthermore at 6th grade, 6th graders are required to take another test of both English and mathematics to determine later levels in those areas in N. E. Sââ¬â¢s high school also known as their ââ¬ËSeniorââ¬â¢ department. What guidelines have been established for assessing young children? In 1998, the ââ¬Ëgoal 1ââ¬â¢ childhood assessment resource group recommended to the national education goals panel the following guidelines for the assessment of young children: 1. Before age 8, standardized achievement measures are not sufficiently accurate to be used for high stakes decision-making about individual children and schools. Therefore, high-stakes assessments intended for accountability purposes should be delayed until the end of third grade (or preferably fourth grade). . â⬠¦[prior to the third grade] policymakers at the state and district level could reasonably require that teachers and the schools have procedures in place to monitor student progress using instructionally relevant assessments, and that schools have a plan for providing intensified special help if children are having difficulty, especially learning t o read. The National Association for the Education of Young Children (NAEYC) offers a general rule for testing young children: The purpose of testing must be to improve services for children and ensure that children benefit from their educational experiences. â⬠Specific NAEYC guidelines support the use of more than just test scores for assessing young children. They emphasize that decisions that have a major impact on children, such as enrollment, retention, or assignment to remedial or special classes, should be based on multiple sources of information and should never be based on a single test score. Resources: 1)NAEYC ââ¬âhttp://www. naeyc. org/ââ¬â 2)Wiki 3)Google
Saturday, November 9, 2019
Ethnic Groups in America
Ethnic Groups in America Free Online Research Papers When the Pilgrims landed on Plymouth Rock they brought with them the dominant human characteristics of risk taking, perseverance and determination for the end result of abundant prosperity. While at first look one would assume that these are desirable traits to have in any ethnic group. However not when the prosperity of the newly colonized people involves its ability to invade, displace and eradicate the native ethnic groups in its pursuit of expansion. After the American Revolution, Americans would import foreign African ethnic groups establishing an economic and political system that would escalate into a heedless nation thatââ¬â¢s only cultural contribution to the world is its obsession for greed ,wealth, and power at the expense of all ethnic tradition and customs brought here by immigrants from around the world. The problem facing all ethnic groups in America today is the growing consumerism that has been incubating an emerging culture for the last 150 years. Unlike other countries where other ethnic groups are forced to assimilate due to foreign invaders, America invited with open arms a diversity of multi-cultured ethnic groups. All these different ethnic groups each brought their own customs traditions foods and religious beliefs with them. As we finish the first decade of the 21st century individuals find themselves more concerned with who is going to be eliminated this week on American idol, while watching it on the television screen in their cars with 24 inch spinning rims, on our way to the Olive Garden to eat Italian food made by a Mexicans, all while updating their Face book page with their new I phone. This is a terrifying definition of what one might call American culture. However it is not culture at all but the end result of extensive consumerism. Corporations produce goods in s uch mass volume so we can easily afford them. They also spend millions of dollars on advertising to the point we feel we can not live with out them. This is causing people to work more hours to purchase luxury items in an attempt to compete with their peers. This is causing a generation to abandon the values and traditions brought here by previous generations who migrated to America. This problem faces every ethnic group in America today. If left unresolved, all the diversity that makes this country the great melting pot it is today, will instead turn it into a cultureless country of money-grubbing, mindless zombies that behave and purchase everything corporations want them to. Corporate retailers support the social influential broadcasting media networks such as MTV, CNN, ESPN, and the Disney channel by purchasing the commercial time the networks sell to generate their revenue. This also allows the Corporations to influence the programming shown on television which plays a signific ant role in creating American culture. This is an important issue because in a country that prides its self in its ethnic cultural diversity, it is slowly being erased by the corporations that were born in its free market system. Immigrants have come to America to escape political and or economic hardships. They have also come here to work or start business and have a piece of the ââ¬Å"American dreamâ⬠. As newly relocated immigrants they bring with them the culture of their homeland. As time goes on they can pick and chose the extent of their assimilation. Their native born or even young children on the other hand only know the Americanism consumer society they grow up in. As they go to school they discover the importance placed on material possessions as they are judged by their peers by their clothing and possessions placing them in social categories. This is when they learn the value and necessity of the items they see on television commercials (Brenagain). For first generation Americans the only exposure they g et to the culture and tradition of their native land is what comes from their parents. As they grow up and assimilate they will abandon the culture taught by their parents for the materialistic American consumer way of life. Advertisers started to reach out to large groups of people in the 1920ââ¬â¢s as consumer spending fueled by consumer credit helped people make purchases they might not be able to afford(GMU.edu)With the invention of the radio, advertisers could reach all the people in a city. Radio also helped expose products to people that were illiterate and normally never saw adds in magazines or newspapers. Using new techniques such as music jingles and having radio actors promote products, was the beginning of playing on peoples desires to want to be like celebrities and buy what they said was necessary and fashionable. (JDU.edu)Commercial television advertising began after world war II in the 1950ââ¬â¢s . The three major networks (ABC NBC CBS) broadcasted nationally and the commercials shown were made by the largest corporations that had their goods sold in stores nationwide (JDU.edu). Nothing has changed in the last sixty years; the growth of television has created more channels with more commercials. Corporate retail giants are continually telling us we need their products to enhance our lives, while molding our culture to their liking destroying the diverse cultures of all ethnic groups in America. Immigrants that came here originated from many different cultures and ethnic backgrounds. They brought with them a rich heritage. However the youth of today holds no value to that heritage and is throwing it away and trading it for prime time television and whatever new clothing line is popular at the time. If society does not wake up and recognizes that they are being brainwashed by corporate sponsors that fund the programming they watch on TV and figure out that the shoes you wear, the car you drive, and the jewelry you flaunt does not define your character .It is this kind of mentality that fuels American consumerism and will lead to the downfall of all the diverse culture ethnic groups brought to America making us the great melting pot of the world. If I was president and could implement any action to rectify this issue that faces all ethnic groups today, my solution would be simple but possibly have a catastrophic impact on our society as we know it. I would create a law that places a financial ceiling on the amount of money any business in America can spend on advertising. I would allow businesses to spend only up to 100,000 dollars on advertising each year in every state. This would allow nation wide corporations to spend up to 5.2 million dollars a year but no more then 100,000 dollars in any particular state. However I would allow additional spending over the cap so long as any amount of money spent in any particular state by a corporation is matched with a 2 to 1 ratio payment to that states public school system. That way if McDonalds wants to spend 10milion on commercials in Los Angeles County they would also have to give 20 million to Californiaââ¬â¢s school system totaling 30 million for only 10 million in advertisin g. My intention for this radical form of legislation would be to cripple the hold that advertisers have on the television media potentially destroying mass media as we know it. Two possible results would occur if I could implement this law. With out the millions dollars corporations spend on add revenue all the mindless programming that is on television would be taken off the air. This would not allow television networks to pay actors absurd amounts of money but instead direct that money into bettering our local school systems and pay teachers the money they deserve to educate our children benefiting our society and all ethnic groups as a whole. This way our county could redirect its value s away from material possessions and the need to own everything shown on TV. and more on sciences , the arts, family values, and improving the community. Then ethnic culture will grow and thrive in communities and the rich diverse ethnic heritage and history?that made our county the unique meltin g pot will continue, and not be erased by corporate profiteering.? American Advertising: A Brief History. History Matters: The U.S. Survey Course on the Web. George washington university, n.d. Web. 6 Mar. 2010.
Wednesday, November 6, 2019
Death of a Salesman (Compare Biff and Bernard) essays
Death of a Salesman (Compare Biff and Bernard) essays Different. Different were the two characters, Biff and Bernard, in Arthur Millers, The American Dream. Each person grew up in a different environment and ended up with completely different life styles. But at the end both knew that they had to work hard to get what they wanted, and nothing is handed to you because you are well liked. Growing up in a family full of lies Biff Loman did not know what life was really about. As a student in high school he was very well liked and was very popular in school. He was an excellent football player, which eventually gave him scholarships to colleges. Biff did very poor in school and expected his friend Bernard to help him cheat in his math class. But because Bernard did not help him Biff flunked math and couldnt graduate high school. He was raised by a man that believed that being well liked by others meant u would get somewhere in life, Biff spent 14 years of his life doing nothing. He went from job to job, stealing, and eventually getting thrown in jail for stealing a suit. Willy Loman, his father, made him believe that because he was a Loman he shouldnt have to answer to anybody. That is one reason why he went through so many jobs. When he was told what to do and had to answer to somebody he quit or did something bad and eventually got fired. After so many years of endless jobs Biff finally came home again. He realized that he wasnt dime a dozen or a great leader of men like his father always told him he was. Instead he was a man that had to work hard to get what he wants and not just expect it. Bernard on the other hand was completely opposite from Biff. Bernard came from a family that was taught if you work hard enough it pays off. While in high school Bernard was not very popular, and was considered a nerd. He always studied, was smart, but was not very athletic like Biff. He ...
Monday, November 4, 2019
To what extent is there a 'global' communications industry Essay
To what extent is there a 'global' communications industry - Essay Example ication, should help to produce a society that does not interact with each other only for manipulative economic and commercial gains, rather help in preserving some vestige of traditional social structure. The traditional telecommunications model, wherein the domestic business houses provide services to domestic customers, has now taken a global perspective whereby systems and organizations are providing services on an international scale. These systems target the global sector bringing in a greater number of customers from centralized communication and data facilities irrespective of the location of the customers served or national boundaries. The transnational nature of such venture poses substantial legal, technical and practical challenges. This paper has two sections where the first section deals with an analytical study of the political economy of communication based on the conceptual tools of Vincent Mosco, a renowned communications researcher. The second section focuses on Internet as a tool for shaping and commercialization of the corporate world together with some inter-related issues highlighting the more pressing concerns. Vincent Moscoââ¬â¢s book on ââ¬Å"The Political Economy of Communicationâ⬠(1996) provides vital insights into the forces shaping the communication system. His theoretical analysis is based on three social processes: commodification, spatialization and structuration. Mosco defines commodification (1996: 143 ââ¬â 144) as the process transforming the utility factor of a product into its market value, which is the primary means of converting social values into economic relations. Schiller (1996 a: 18) has reiterated Moscoââ¬â¢s view by applying this idea of exchange of information. He has stated that the innovative ways of producing, organizing and spreading information has a radical impact on industrial, political and cultural processes and practices. The generation of information and its sale has now become sites of profit making which has
Saturday, November 2, 2019
Intelligences Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words
Intelligences - Essay Example An examination of both theorists' work reveals some of the underpinnings of thought while highlighting the difficulty psychology has in defining, measuring, and isolating the factors that make up intelligence. Spearman and Gardner both believed that intelligence could be quantified. Spearman used a model that incorporated two centers of intelligence, the g (general) and the s (specific) factors (RiChard, n.d.). He contended that the g-factor was overriding and there was a correlation between general intelligence and all other areas. Gardner, however, believed that the specific factors that make up intelligence were independent and that you could be good at math while having no linguistic abilities. Gardner has identified at least 7 separate and autonomous centers of intelligence (Intelligence and personality assessment, n.d.). He grouped these factors into categories called the multiple intelligences which include musical, verbal, and personal intelligence. Spearman believed that since the g-factor was present in every task, we could measure intelligence with a single test. His work instituted the general IQ test as a standard for measurement and assessment. However, Gardner believes that there is not one test to measure intelligence and that all areas must be tested separately.
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